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ELM mitigation by nitrogen seeding in the JET gas box divertor

J Rapp, T Eich, M von Hellermann, A Herrmann, L C Ingesson, S Jachmich, G F Matthews, V Philipps, G Saibene, contributors to the EFDA-JET Workprogramme2002年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

One of the most severe problems for fusion reactors is the power load on the divertor target plates. Technically only power loads of less than 10 MW m-2 are acceptable. However, strong edge localized mode (ELM) activity can lead to power loads in excess of 800 MW m-2. In order to reduce the steady-state heat flux and the transient heat flux due to ELMs, radiation cooling experiments were performed at JET. Nitrogen was puffed into the divertor up to a radiative power fraction of 90%. This was achieved at a density of 0.85 times the Greenwald density (Greenwald M 1988 Nucl. Fusion28 2199), while maintaining an H-factor offH98 = 0.82. The Zeff in all those discharges stayed around 2.0. At approximately 55% radiative power fraction, the ELM characteristic changes from type I to type III, resulting in a loss of confinement of about 25% due to a degradation of the edge pedestal and hence a reduction of the ELM power load to the divertor tiles. By increasing the radiative power fraction to values of about 90%, the heat flux is reduced to 2 MW m-2.

日本語訳

核融合炉にとって最も深刻な問題の一つは、ダイバータ標的板への電力負荷である。技術的には、10 MW m-2未満の電力負荷のみが許容される。しかしながら、強い周辺局在モード(ELM)活動は、800 MW m-2を超える電力負荷を引き起こす可能性がある。定常状態の熱流束およびELMによる過渡的な熱流束を低減するために、JETにおいて放射冷却実験が実施された。窒素がダイバータ内に、放射電力割合が90%に達するまで噴射された。これは、Greenwald密度(Greenwald M 1988 Nucl. Fusion28 2199)の0.85倍の密度で達成され、その間H因子はH98 = 0.82を維持した。これらすべての放電において、Zeffは約2.0のままであった。約55%の放射電力割合において、ELMの特性はタイプIからタイプIIIへと変化し、その結果、周辺ペデスタルの劣化により閉じ込めの約25%の損失が生じ、それゆえダイバータタイルへのELM電力負荷の低減がもたらされた。放射電力割合を約90%の値まで増加させることにより、熱流束は2 MW m-2まで低減される。

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