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Septum assessment of the JET gas box divertor

J Rapp, W Fundamenski, L C Ingesson, S Jachmich, A Huber, G F Matthews, P Morgan, M F Stamp, JET-EFDA Contributors2008年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

The influence of the physical isolation of inner and outer divertor volumes by a septum plate of the Mk-II gas box divertor, thus increasing divertor closure and neutral compression, on the plasma and divertor performance has been studied at the Joint European Torus (JET). The septum plate was installed in 1999, together with the original Mk-II gas box divertor, and was then replaced by a simple protection plate in 2001. This removal reduced the closure of the divertor by opening a line of sight path for neutrals to travel between the inner to the outer divertor volumes. Comparison of identical discharges with and without the septum thus provides direct evidence of the effect of divertor closure on plasma behaviour. With this aim, following septum removal, several dedicated L-mode and H-mode discharges have been performed, in each case repeating earlier discharges when the septum was still in place. In each case, the fuelling location was varied between the inner/outer divertor and the main chamber, and differences in detachment in the inner and outer divertors were studied. Under L-mode conditions, differences in detachment dynamics were indeed observed between closed (with septum) and open (without septum) divertor configurations, although the differences were only significant in the medium density range. In contrast, the ultimate density limit was not affected, being determined in each case by the formation of a wall multifacedted asymmetric radiation from the edge (MARFE), rather than an X-point MARFE. Under H-mode conditions, the differences were more subtle. Although the ion fluxes to the targets were unaffected, the target electron temperatures were found to be lower in the closed divertor configuration. In this case, the fuelling efficiency was the largest when the gas injected from the inner divertor, with implications on global energy confinement and ELM frequency. Otherwise, no difference in the confinement of the discharges with and without septum was observed.

日本語訳

Mk-IIガスボックス・ダイバータのセプタム板による内側・外側ダイバータ領域の物理的隔離が、ダイバータの閉鎖性と中性粒子閉じ込めを高める効果が、プラズマおよびダイバータ性能に及ぼす影響について、欧州共同トーラス(JET)で研究が行われた。セプタム板は1999年に当初のMk-IIガスボックス・ダイバータとともに設置され、その後2001年に単純な保護板に交換された。この交換により、内側と外側のダイバータ領域間で中性粒子が移動する視線経路が開かれ、ダイバータの閉鎖性が低下した。セプタムの有無による同一条件の放電を比較することで、ダイバータ閉鎖性がプラズマ挙動に及ぼす影響について直接的な証拠が得られる。この目的のため、セプタム除去後、専用のLモードおよびHモード放電が複数回実施され、各場合においてセプタムが設置されていた時期の初期放電が繰り返された。各場合において、ガス注入位置は内側/外側ダイバータと主チャンバーの間で変更され、内側および外側ダイバータにおけるデタッチメントの差異が研究された。Lモード条件下では、閉鎖型(セプタムあり)と開放型(セプタムなし)のダイバータ構成の間でデタッチメント動力学に確かに差異が観察されたが、その差異は中密度域でのみ有意であった。対照的に、最終的な密度限界は影響を受けず、各場合においてX点MARFEではなく、周辺部での非対称放射(MARFE)の形成によって決定された。Hモード条件下では、差異はより微妙であった。イオン束はターゲットにおいて影響を受けなかったが、閉鎖型ダイバータ構成ではターゲット電子温度が低いことが見出された。この場合、ガス注入位置が内側ダイバータであるときに燃料供給効率が最大となり、これは全体のエネルギー閉じ込めとELM周波数に影響を及ぼした。それ以外では、セプタムの有無による放電の閉じ込めに差異は観察されなかった。

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