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Projected global stability of high beta MAST-U spherical tokamak plasmas

J W Berkery, G Xia, S A Sabbagh, J M Bialek, Z R Wang, C J Ham, A Thornton, Y Q Liu2020年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Assessment of the limits of stability of tokamak plasmas is key to operation in high fusion performance ranges without disruption of the plasma current. Projected equilibria have been generated for the MAST-U spherical tokamak experiment, an upgrade of the previous MAST device, in order to prepare for operation. These equilibria are scanned in pressure and current profiles, and assessed with the DCON and MARS-F stability codes to find the so-called 'no-wall' beta limit, above which resistive wall mode instabilities can be expected in the absence of other stabilising effects. The no-wall limit was generally found to increase as plasma internal inductance increased. The equilibria are also assessed for the 'with-wall' limit, theoretically the highest achievable performance point, again with the DCON and MARS-F codes, including different approximate axisymmetric walls, and with the VALEN code which includes a 3D model of the surrounding conducting structure. Similar limits were found, despite the difference between the 2D and 3D codes in the treatment of the wall. Conducting passive stabilisation plates, which were newly installed in MAST-U, are in a region of significant mode perturbation when the plasma βN is sufficiently high and eddy currents are driven in these structures. Due to the increased stabilising effect of the wall in MAST-U vs. MAST, a significant gap exists between the approximate no-wall limits of βN/li = 6.71 and 7.13, found from DCON and MARS-F respectively, and the with-wall limits of βN/li = 8.23 and 8.53 for the equilibrium profiles analysed in this study. This opens a region of high beta operating space in MAST-U for potentially stable operation if non-ideal effects or active control can stabilise the resistive wall mode.

日本語訳

トカマクプラズマの安定性限界の評価は、プラズマ電流の崩壊なしに高いプラズマ性能領域で運転するための鍵となる。MAST-U球状トカマク実験(従来のMAST装置のアップグレード版)に向けて、運転準備のため投影平衡が生成された。これらの平衡は圧力分布と電流分布にわたって走査され、DCONおよびMARS-F安定性コードを用いて評価され、他の安定化効果がない場合に抵抗性壁モード不安定性が予想される「無壁」ベータ限界が求められた。無壁限界は、プラズマ内部インダクタンスの増加とともに上昇することが一般的に確認された。また、これらの平衡は、異なる近似的な軸対称壁を含むDCONおよびMARS-Fコードと、周囲の導体構造の3次元モデルを含むVALENコードを用いて、「有壁」限界(理論上達成可能な最高性能)についても評価された。壁の取り扱いにおける2次元コードと3次元コードの違いにもかかわらず、同様の限界値が得られた。MAST-Uに新たに設置された受動安定化板は、プラズマβNが十分に高い場合に有意なモード摂動領域に位置し、これらの構造に渦電流が誘起される。MAST-Uにおける壁の安定化効果の増強により、DCONおよびMARS-Fからそれぞれ得られた無壁限界βN/li = 6.71および7.13と、本解析で用いた平衡における有壁限界βN/li = 8.23および8.53との間に有意な差が存在する。この差は、非理想効果または能動制御によって抵抗性壁モードを安定化できる場合に、MAST-Uにおいて高ベータ運転領域の可能性を開くものである。

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