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Design of EAST lower divertor by considering target erosion and tungsten ion transport during the external impurity seeding

Chaofeng Sang, Qingrui Zhou, Guosheng Xu, Liang Wang, Yilin Wang, Xuele Zhao, Chen Zhang, Rui Ding, Guozhang Jia, Damao Yao2021年被引用 17Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

To demonstrate the performance of tungsten (W) as the divertor target material and to solve the power handling problem during high power long-pulse discharge, the upgrade of EAST lower divertor is planned. In this work, the physical design of the W divertor is presented by using 2D edge plasma code SOLPS and Monte Carlo impurity transport code DIVIMP. The optimized divertor geometry is proposed after systematic examination of target shapes, target slant angles and the pump opening locations. The performance of the designed divertor is further assessed by impurity seeding. By comparing the medium and high power discharges with argon (Ar) seeding, the differences on the divertor power radiation and impurity core accumulation are distinguished. The simulated effective ion charge Zeff fits well the scaling law, which is based on multi-machine database. Ar seeding and neon (Ne) seeding scans are carried out separately. The simulation results indicate Ar has higher power radiation efficiency than that of Ne, thus promoting the achievement of plasma detachment. However, the core compatibility with Ar is worse than with Ne. The W target erosion and W impurity transport during impurity seeding are simulated by the DIVIMP–SOLPS coupled modeling. It illustrates that under the similar divertor plasma conditions, Ar seeding causes more serious W erosion and more severe core contamination by W impurity, than Ne seeding. Finally, the divertor in–out asymmetry is studied by considering electromagnetic drifts. The simulation results manifest that the designed open vertical inner target reduces in–out asymmetry due to that its weak power radiation capability is offset by the ion flow driven by the drifts. In addition, the designed divertor is compatible with the quasi snowflake magnetic configuration. These studies will improve the understanding of W target sputtering and W impurity transport control during the radiative divertor discharges for CFETR/DEMO.

日本語訳

タングステン(W)をダイバータターゲット材料としての性能を実証し、高パワー長時間パルス放電中の電力処理問題を解決するために、EASTダイバータのアップグレードが計画されている。本論文では、2次元周辺プラズマコードSOLPSとモンテカルロ不純物輸送コードDIVIMPを用いて、Wダイバータの物理設計を提示する。最適化されたダイバータ形状は、ターゲット形状、ターゲット傾斜角、ポンプ開口部の系統的検討後に提案される。設計されたダイバータの性能は、不純物シーディング条件下でさらに評価される。シミュレーション結果は、設計されたダイバータがターゲット表面への熱流束を安全なレベル以下に低減できることを示している。アルゴン(Ar)シーディングとネオン(Ne)シーディングの比較研究が行われ、ArはNeよりも高い放射効率を示すが、Wスパッタリングの増大も引き起こすことが明らかになった。ダイバータの内外非対称性が電磁ドリフトの影響下で分析され、設計された開いた内側ターゲット形状が非対称性を低減するのに有効であることが示された。これらの研究は、CFETR/DEMOにおける放射冷却ダイバータ放電中のWターゲットスパッタリングとW不純物輸送の理解を深めることに貢献する。

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DivertorTungstenEASTImpurityIon transportImpurity seeding
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