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Long discharges in a steady state with D2 and N2 on the actively cooled tungsten upper divertor in WEST

T. Loarer, T. Dittmar, E. Tsitrone, R. Bisson, C. Bourdelle, S. Brezinsek, J. Bucalossi, Y. Corre, L. Delpech, C. Desgranges2020年被引用 9Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Nitrogen (N2) will be used in ITER to enhance the radiative fraction to ∼90%, thereby cooling the edge plasma and preventing damage to the plasma-facing components. However, the reactivity of N2 with hydrogen isotopes can lead to the formation of tritiated ammonia (NT3). This should be considered in terms of the in-vessel tritium inventory, the regeneration of the cryo pumps, and the processes in the ITER de-tritiation plant. In the 'W' Environment in Steady-state Tokamak (WEST), a series of long L-mode discharges (∼50 s), with a constant N2 seeding from the outer strike point region has been performed on the upper actively cooled divertor. In the absence of active pumping, the N2 balance shows steady-state retention during plasma discharge, and is partially (∼35%) released in between discharges. Although a significant amount of N2( 18.65 Pa m3) has been injected, the wall still exhibited N2 pumping capabilities. Under these conditions, as long as this N2 reservoir is not saturated, there is not enough N available for the detectable threshold of ND3 formation to be reached. In these WEST experiments, no ammonia is detected during the pulse or after the pulse in the outgassing phase. These results are consistent with and complementary to the N2 seeded experiments performed in the Joint European Torus (JET) with its ITER-like wall and in the Axially Symmetric Divertor Experiment (ASDEX) upgrade.

日本語訳

窒素(N2)はITERにおいて放射損失割合を約90%まで向上させるために使用され、それにより周辺プラズマを冷却し、プラズマ対向機器の損傷を防ぐ。しかしながら、N2と水素同位体との反応性は、トリチウム化アンモニア(NT3)の生成につながる可能性がある。これは、真空容器内トリチウムインベントリ、クライオポンプの再生、およびITERのトリチウム除去設備におけるプロセスの観点から考慮されるべきである。定常状態トカマクにおけるW環境(WEST)では、外側ストライク点領域からの一定のN2入射を伴う一連の長時間Lモード放電(約50秒)が、上部水冷ダイバータにおいて実施された。能動排気がない場合、N2バランスはプラズマ放電中の定常状態での保持を示し、放電間には部分的に(約35%)放出される。かなりの量のN2(18.65 Pa m3)が入射されたにもかかわらず、壁は依然としてN2ポンピング能力を示した。これらの条件下では、このN2リザーバーが飽和しない限り、ND3生成の検出可能なしきい値に達するのに十分なNは利用可能ではない。これらのWEST実験では、パルス中およびパルス後の排気段階のいずれにおいてもアンモニアは検出されなかった。これらの結果は、ITERライク壁を備えた共同欧州トーラス(JET)および軸対称ダイバータ実験(ASDEX)アップグレードにおいて実施されたN2入射実験と一致し、補完的である。

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asdex-upgrade中精度(概要文一致)iter中精度(概要文一致)jet中精度(概要文一致)

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DivertorTungstenSteady stateWEST
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