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Third-harmonic, top-launch, ECRH experiments on TCV tokamak

S. Alberti, G. Arnoux, L. Porte, J.-P. Hogge, B. Marletaz, P. Marmillod, Y. Martin, S. Nowak, TCV Team2005年被引用 23Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

In the moderate magnetic field of TCV (1.5 T), the recently installed X3 system (3 gyrotrons, 118 GHz, 0.45 MW each, 2 s) broadens the operational space with the possibility of heating plasmas at high density, well above the cutoff density of the X2 system. To compensate for the significantly weaker absorption coefficient compared to the absorption of X2, the top-launch injection allows the ray path to maximize along the resonance layer thereby maximizing the optical depth. To maintain the maximum absorption in plasma discharges with a dynamic variation in both density (refraction) and temperature (relativistic shift) a real-time control system on the mirror injection angle, based on a mirror modulation technique (synchronous demodulation), has been developed and successfully tested on TCV. Comparisons of the absorption calculated with the TORAY-GA ray-tracing code and the ECWGB beam-tracing code, which includes diffraction effects, are presented. An experimental study of the X3 absorption versus plasma density in an L-mode plasma shows that with a total injected power of 1.35 MW full single-pass absorption is reached with a significant fraction of the absorbed power associated with the presence of suprathermal electrons. Compared with ohmic/low-power-heating of ELMy H-modes, it has been possible to enter into a different ELMy regime with an injected power of 1.35 MW.

日本語訳

中程度の磁場を持つTCV(1.5 T)において、最近設置されたX3システム(3ジャイロトロン、118 GHz、各0.45 MW、2秒)は、X2システムのカットオフ密度をはるかに超える高密度でのプラズマ加熱の可能性を広げるものである。X2の吸収と比較して著しく弱い吸収係数を補償するために、上部からの入射により、共鳴層に沿って光線経路を最大化し、それによって光学厚さを最大化する。密度(屈折)と温度(相対論的シフト)の両方が動的に変化するプラズマ放電において最大の吸収を維持するために、ミラー変調技術(同期復調)に基づくミラー入射角のリアルタイム制御システムが開発され、TCVにおいて成功裏に試験された。回折効果を含むTORAY-GA光線追跡コードとECWGBビーム追跡コードを用いて計算された吸収の比較が示されている。Lモードプラズマにおけるプラズマ密度に対するX3吸収の実験的研究により、全入射電力1.35 MWにおいて、全単一通過吸収が達成され、吸収電力のかなりの割合が超熱電子の存在と関連していることが示された。オーミック/低電力加熱のELMy Hモードと比較して、1.35 MWの入射電力により、異なるELMyレジームに入ることが可能となった。

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Electron cyclotron heatingTCV
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