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Impurity transport in the wendelstein VII-A stellarator

W VII-A Team, NI Group1985年被引用 27Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Impurity radiation losses in net-current-free neutral-beam-heated plasmas in the Wendelstein W VII-A stellarator are the combined effect of particularly strong impurity sources and improved particle confinement as compared with ohmically heated tokamak-like plasma discharges. Experiments are described and conclusions are drawn about the impurity species, their origin and their transport behaviour. The impurity transport is modelled by a 1-D impurity transport and radiation code. The evolution of the total radiation in time and space deduced from soft-X-ray and bolometer measurements can be fairly well simulated by the code. Experimentally, oxygen was found to make the main contribution to the radiation losses. In the calculations, an influx of cold oxygen desorbed from the walls of the order of 1013–1014 cm−2·s−1 and a rate of fast injected oxygen corresponding to a 1% impurity content of the neutral beams in combination with neoclassical impurity transport leads to quantitative agreement between the simulation and the observed radiation. The transport of Al trace impurities injected by the laser blow-off technique was experimentally studied by soft-X-ray measurements using a differential method allowing extraction of the time evolution of Al XII, XIII radial profiles. These are compared with code predictions, together with additional spectroscopic measurements. The main features of the impurity transport are consistent with neoclassical predictions, which explain particularly the central impurity accumulation. Some details, however, seem to require additional 'anomalous' transport. Such an enhancement is correlated with distortions of the magnetic configuration around resonant magnetic surfaces.

日本語訳

Wendelstein W VII-Aステラレータにおける無正味電流・中性粒子ビーム加熱プラズマ中の不純物放射損失は、オーミック加熱されたトカマク型プラズマ放電と比較して、特に強い不純物源と改善された粒子閉じ込めの複合効果である。実験について説明し、不純物種、その起源、および輸送挙動に関する結論を導き出す。不純物輸送は、1次元不純物輸送・放射コードによってモデル化される。軟X線およびボロメータ測定から推定された時間・空間における放射の時間発展は、このコードによってかなり良好にシミュレートできる。実験的には、酸素が放射損失の主な寄与であることが見出された。計算では、壁から脱離する冷たい酸素の流入が10^13〜10^14 cm^-2・s^-1のオーダーであり、中性粒子ビームの1%不純物含有量に相当する高速注入酸素の割合が、新古典輸送と組み合わさることで、シミュレーションと観測された放射の間に定量的な一致がもたらされる。レーザーブローオフ法により注入された微量のAl不純物の輸送を、微分法を用いた軟X線測定により実験的に研究し、Al XII、XIIIの動径プロファイルの時間発展を抽出した。これらを追加の分光測定とともにコード予測と比較する。不純物輸送の主な特徴は新古典予測と一致し、特に中心部での不純物蓄積を説明する。しかし、いくつかの詳細は追加の「異常」輸送を必要とするように思われる。そのような増強は、共鳴磁気面周辺の磁気配位の歪みと相関している。

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