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Relativistic ray-tracing of electron Bernstein waves in a spherical tokamak reactor

E Nelson-Melby, R W Harvey, A P Smirnov, A K Ram2007年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Electron Bernstein waves (EBW) can propagate between electron cyclotron harmonics in hot, dense plasmas with no high-density cutoff (unlike electron cyclotron waves). ARIES-ST is a spherical tokamak (ST) reactor study. A promising method of heating and driving current in such an ST reactor would be with electron Bernstein waves. These could be mode converted from microwave vacuum modes (X-mode and O-mode) launched from the edge. In this paper, fully relativistic ray-tracing calculations (both damping and propagation) of EBWs in ARIES-ST are presented, using the relativistic dispersion solver R2D2 and the ray-tracing code GENRAY. The ray paths, damping locations, and polarizations are compared with the more commonly used non-relativistic EBW ray-tracing. A range of frequencies are shown for EBWs with small n∥ that could be produced by the X-B mode conversion process, and EBWs with large n∥ ≈ 0.6, produced by the O-X-B mode conversion process. With the density and temperature profile chosen for this paper, the greatest depth into the core that could be reached with mode-converted EBWs is a radial location of approximately ρ = 0.4. Although the radial location of the damping in most cases was not significantly different between the relativistic and non-relativistic cases, there are differences in the poloidal locations, as well as in the polarizations of the wave along the ray path, especially in the damping region.

日本語訳

電子バーンスタイン波(EBW)は、高密度プラズマ中の電子サイクロトロン高調波間を伝播することができ、(電子サイクロトロン波とは異なり)高密度遮断が存在しない。ARIES-STは球状トカマク(ST)炉の設計研究である。このようなST炉において電流駆動および加熱を行う有望な方法の一つが、電子バーンスタイン波を用いるものである。これらの波は、周辺部から入射されるマイクロ波真空モード(XモードおよびOモード)からモード変換によって生成され得る。本論文では、相対論的分散関係ソルバーR2D2と光線追跡コードGENRAYを用いて、ARIES-STにおけるEBWの完全相対論的光線追跡計算(減衰と伝播の両方)を示す。光線経路、減衰位置、および偏波を、より一般的に用いられる非相対論的EBW光線追跡の結果と比較する。X-Bモード変換過程によって生成され得る小さなn∥を持つEBWと、O-X-Bモード変換過程によって生成され得るn∥ ≈ 0.6の大きなn∥を持つEBWについて、周波数の範囲を示す。本論文で選択した密度および温度分布において、モード変換されたEBWが到達し得るコア領域への最大深さは、動径位置ρ ≈ 0.4である。減衰の動径位置は、ほとんどの場合において相対論的場合と非相対論的場合で有意な差は見られなかったが、ポロイダル位置ならびに光線経路に沿った偏波、特に減衰領域において差異が認められた。

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Spherical tokamakBernstein waveElectron Bernstein waves
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