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Observation of electrostatic fluctuations driven by runaway electrons in EAST disruptions

T. Tang, L. Zeng, Z.Y. Qiu, S.Y. Lin, Y.W. Sun, G.Y. Wei, X. Zhu, D.L. Chen, Y. Huang, Y.M. Duan2023年被引用 1Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Electrostatic fluctuations driven by runaway electrons (REs) have been observed following a thermal quench during Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak–intended disruptions, which are triggered by massive gas injection. Electrostatic fluctuations are clearly detected using several radiation-related diagnostics and in two distinct frequency bands: 10–20 kHz and 30–40 kHz. The appearances of fluctuations are directly correlated with REs. Fluctuations observed during argon injection and neon injection have significantly different evolution with time, whereas no fluctuations can be found with helium injection. The measured frequency scales with different amounts of injected gases finally tend to be saturated. A clear phase difference is detected, and a mode structure of (m, n) = (1, 0) is identified in the soft x-ray detector array. Here, m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively. The geodesic acoustic mode proposed as a candidate instability is further discussed, and the barely trapped/passing electrons can contribute to drive the mode. Fluctuations are also correlated with significant RE loss, which supports the possibility of kinetic instability for RE mitigation in a tokamak reactor.

日本語訳

逃走電子(REs)によって駆動される静電揺動が、大量ガス注入によって引き起こされる実験先進超伝導トカマク(EAST)における意図的ディスラプションの熱クエンチ後に観測された。静電揺動は、複数の放射線関連計測器を用いて、10–20 kHzと30–40 kHzの二つの異なる周波数帯域で明確に検出された。揺動の出現はREsと直接相関する。アルゴン注入およびネオン注入中に観測された揺動は、時間に対する進化が有意に異なる一方、ヘリウム注入では揺動は見られない。測定された周波数は、注入ガスの量の違いに応じて変化し、最終的には飽和する傾向にある。明瞭な位相差が検出され、軟X線検出器アレイにおいて(m, n) = (1, 0)のモード構造が同定された。ここで、mとnはそれぞれポロイダルモード数とトロイダルモード数である。候補となる不安定性として提案された測地線音響モードはさらに議論され、かろうじて捕捉された/通過する電子がモードの駆動に寄与し得る。揺動はまた、有意なRE損失と相関しており、これはトカマク炉におけるRE緩和のための運動論的不安定性の可能性を支持する。

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EASTPlasma disruptionRunaway electron
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