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Runaway electron generation and loss in EAST disruptions

T. Tang, L. Zeng, D. Chen, Y. Sun, H. Zhao, T. Zhou, A. Ti, S. Lin, R. Zhou, X. Zhu2021年被引用 8Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Runaway currents have been detected during unintended disruptions in the circular plasma with the limiter configuration in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). The runaway electron (RE) plateau can carry up to 80% of the pre-disruption plasma current. The highest runaway currents correspond to the lowest loop voltage, which is contrary to the observations made in most tokamaks. This anomalous behavior is attributed to the acceleration of the pre-existing wave resonant suprathermal electrons by lower hybrid waves during the disruption decay phase. Two distinct types of RE-related relaxation phenomena, distinguished on the basis of the amplitude of the magnetic fluctuations, have been found during the disruptions. Large-amplitude magnetohydrodynamic activity with indications of RE loss is observed during the RE plateau when the edge safety factor decreases to less than 3, and the external kink mode is discussed to resolve this anomaly. Burst-like relaxations with small-amplitude magnetic fluctuations and ∼0.6 kHz frequency are confirmed from the spikes in the hard x-ray array signals under a negative loop voltage. Measurement of the RE energy distribution suggests that the instability is driven by medium-energy REs.

日本語訳

逃走電流は、実験先進超伝導トカマク(EAST)におけるリミター配位の円形プラズマ中の意図しないディスラプション中に検出された。逃走電子(RE)プラトーは、ディスラプション前のプラズマ電流の最大80%を担うことができる。最も高い逃走電流は最も低いループ電圧に対応しており、これはほとんどのトカマクで観測された結果とは逆である。この異常な挙動は、ディスラプション減衰位相中に低域混成波によって、既存の波共鳴超熱電子が加速されることに起因する。磁気揺動の振幅に基づいて区別される、2つの異なるタイプのRE関連緩和現象がディスラプション中に見られた。大きな振幅の磁気流体力学活動とRE損失の兆候は、端部安全係数が3未満に減少したときのREプラトー中に観測され、この異常を解決するために外部キンクモードが議論される。小さな振幅の磁気揺動と約0.6 kHzの周波数を伴うバースト状緩和は、負のループ電圧下での硬X線アレイ信号のスパイクから確認された。REエネルギー分布の測定は、不安定性が中エネルギーREによって駆動されることを示唆している。

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EASTPlasma disruptionRunaway electron
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