Nuclear fusion, an energy source

AbstractThe final phase of the feasibility demonstration of fusion, namely the construction and operation of ITER, will require a large and prolonged effort and strong determination by all parties involved. The time is therefore appropriate to revisit the motivations in support of fusion development. The supply of energy would become an issue today if due consideration were given not only to the limits `internal' to the energy systems but also to those `external', to it. The first ones are not so stringent because reserves in particular of fossil fuels are ample, but the second ones are very stringent because of the limited capability of self-regeneration of the environment. Energy consumption is anticipated to triple in the next 50 years and if the share among the sources remains as of now the risk of a major climate change due to the release of CO2 from burning of fossil fuels, with catastrophic consequences on the environment, is high. The development of sources with better compatibility with the environment and acceptable to society, such as fusion, as well as of more efficient energy technologies, should be pursued with a great determination. The potential of fusion as an energy source could be demonstrated in all of its main aspects by carrying out the ITER programme.