Neoclassical transport simulation code (FORTEC-3D) applicable to both axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric configurations is developed to investigate non-local effects on neoclassical transport phenomena. The time evolution of the radial electric field is simulated in the full volume of the confinement region of tokamak and helical model plasmas. It is found that the damping rate of the geodesic-acoustic-mode (GAM) oscillation becomes faster than that predicted from a single-surface transport analysis. The time evolution of the radial electric field towards the ambipolar state shows a non-local behaviour, which indicates a coupling of GAM oscillation between the neighbouring two flux surfaces because of the finite-orbit-width effect.
Dynamics of particle flux in a cylindrical magnetized plasma