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Reactor plasma facing component designs based on liquid metal concepts supported in porous systems

F.L. Tabarés, E. Oyarzabal, A.B. Martin-Rojo, D. Tafalla, A. de Castro, A. Soleto2017年被引用 33Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The use of liquid metals (LMs) as plasma facing components in fusion devices was proposed as early as 1970 for a field reversed concept and inertial fusion reactors. The idea was extensively developed during the APEX Project, at the turn of the century, and it is the subject at present of the biennial International Symposium on Lithium Applications (ISLA), whose fourth meeting took place in Granada, Spain at the end of September 2015. While liquid metal flowing concepts were specially addressed in USA research projects, the idea of embedding the metal in a capillary porous system (CPS) was put forwards by Russian teams in the 1990s, thus opening the possibility of static concepts. Since then, many ideas and accompanying experimental tests in fusion devices and laboratories have been produced, involving a large fraction of countries within the international fusion community. Within the EUROFusion Roadmap, these activities are encompassed into the working programs of the plasma facing components (PFC) and divertor tokamak test (DTT) packages.In this paper, a review of the state of the art in concepts based on the CPS set-up for a fusion reactor divertor target, aimed at preventing the ejection of the liquid metal by electro-magnetic (EM) forces generated under plasma operation, is described and required R+D activities on the topic, including ongoing work at CIEMAT specifically oriented to filling the remaining gaps, are stressed.

日本語訳

液体金属(LM)を核融合装置のプラズマ対向機器として使用することは、1970年には早くも、磁場反転コンセプトおよび慣性核融合炉のために提案された。そのアイデアは、世紀の変わり目にAPEXプロジェクト中に広範に開発され、現在では隔年開催の国際リチウム応用シンポジウム(ISLA)の主題であり、その第4回会合は2015年9月末にスペインのグラナダで開催された。液体金属の流動コンセプトが米国の研究プロジェクトで特に取り上げられた一方で、金属をキャピラリ多孔質システム(CPS)に埋め込むというアイデアは1990年代にロシアのチームによって提案され、静的コンセプトの可能性を開いた。それ以来、国際核融合コミュニティ内の大部分の国々を巻き込んで、核融合装置および実験室における多くのアイデアとそれに伴う実験試験が生み出されてきた。EUROFusionロードマップ内では、これらの活動は、プラズマ対向機器(PFC)およびダイバータ・トカマク試験(DTT)パッケージの作業プログラムに含まれている。本論文では、プラズマ運転中に生成される電磁(EM)力による液体金属の放出を防ぐことを目的とした、核融合炉ダイバータ標的のためのCPS構成に基づくコンセプトに関する最新技術のレビューが記述され、このテーマに関する必要なR+D活動、特に残されたギャップを埋めることに特化したCIEMATでの進行中の作業を含むものが強調されている。

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Plasma-facing componentLiquid metal
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