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Improving the safety of future nuclear fission power plants

W. Frisch, G. Gros2001年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThe main objectives and principles in nuclear fission reactor safety are presented, e.g. the defence in depth strategy and technical principles such as redundancy, diversity and physical separation. After a brief historical review of the continuous development of safety improvement, the most recent international discussion is presented. This includes mainly the international activities within IAEA and its International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group (INSAG). The safety improvement, presented in recommendations of IAEA and INSAG is expressed as an improvement of all elements and all levels of the defence in depth concept. Special emphasis is put on improvement of the highest level, which requires the implementation of means to mitigate consequences of accidents with severe core damage. The different future concepts are briefly characterised. Some examples from the French–German safety approach are taken to demonstrate how requirements for safety improvement by means of an enhancement of the defence in depth principle are developed.

日本語訳

核分裂炉の安全性における主な目的と原則、例えば、深層防護戦略や、冗長性、多様性、物理的分離といった技術的原則について述べる。安全性向上の継続的な発展に関する簡単な歴史的レビューの後、最新の国際的議論を提示する。これには主に、IAEAおよびその国際原子力安全諮問グループ(INSAG)内での国際的活動が含まれる。IAEAおよびINSAGの勧告に示されている安全性の向上は、深層防護の概念の全要素および全レベルの向上として表現されている。特に重点が置かれているのは最上位レベルの向上であり、これには重大な炉心損傷を伴う事故の影響を緩和する手段の実装が必要とされる。様々な将来構想について簡単に特徴を述べる。深層防護原則の強化による安全性向上の要件がどのように策定されるかを示すため、フランスとドイツの安全アプローチからのいくつかの例を挙げる。

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