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Non-inductive build-up of a hot plasma by X-wave ECH/ECCD to remove initial high loop-voltage from start-up of fusion tokamaks

T. Maekawa, M. Uchida, H. Tanaka2018年被引用 4Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The possibility of non-inductive build-up of a hot plasma by X-wave ECH/ECCD to remove initial high loop-voltage stage from start-up of fusion tokamaks is theoretically investigated, using ITER parameters. There are two injection methods for X-wave ECH/ECCD in ITER start-up plasmas. The first is oblique X-wave injection from the low-field side, referred to as the DX method. For the low density start-up plasma at , the wave with GHz and is damped away via cyclotron resonance absorption before encountering the cyclotron cutoff layer when the electron temperature is as high as eV. The wave power is deposited into the resonance electrons of which parallel velocity is as fast as , which enables an efficient ECCD. The second method is oblique O-wave injection from the low-field side, referred to as the OX method. The waves pass through the ECR layer with negligible power deposition when eV and are mode-converted into oblique X-waves upon reflection on the inboard wall. The X-waves propagate toward the ECR layer without cutoff, and are cyclotron-damped away even when the temperature is as low as eV. The OX method is appropriate for the initial open field stage and transition stage of the discharge, while the DX method is appropriate for the final tokamak stage, where Te is high. Discussions are given on the choice of appropriate BV and location of ECR layer for initiation of closed flux surfaces. Nine model plasmas from an initial open field plasma to a final hot tokamak plasma, consisting of a series of snapshots of a build-up discharge, are generated using an equilibrium theory, enabling estimation of required RF power to drive the current. These investigations suggest that an injection power MW could build up a hot plasma with kA, , keV, m and m.

日本語訳

核融合トカマクの立ち上げ段階における初期高ループ電圧を除去するための、X波ECH/ECCDによる非誘導プラズマ立ち上げの可能性について、ITERパラメータを用いた理論的検討を行った。X波ECH/ECCDには2つの注入方法がある。1つ目は低磁場側からの斜めX波注入(DX方式)である。低密度立ち上げプラズマにおいて、周波数がGHz、電子温度がeVの場合、波はサイクロトロン共鳴吸収により減衰する前にカットオフ層に到達する。波のパワーは、平行速度が速い共鳴電子に堆積され、効率的なECCDを実現する。2つ目は低磁場側からの斜めO波注入(OX方式)である。O波は、eVのときECR層でのパワー堆積が無視できるほど小さく通過し、内壁での反射時にX波へモード変換される。X波はカットオフ層なしにECR層へ伝播し、温度がeVと低い場合でもサイクロトロン減衰する。OX方式は、放電の初期開磁場段階と遷移段階に適しており、DX方式は最終トカマク段階(Teが高い)に適している。閉磁束面の形成に適したECR層の位置とBXの選択について議論する。平衡理論を用いて、初期開磁場プラズマから最終高温トカマクプラズマまでの一連のスナップショットである9つのモデルプラズマを生成し、電流駆動に必要なRFパワーを見積もった。検討の結果、MWの注入パワーで、kA、keV、m、mのプラズマを立ち上げられることが示唆された。

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Electron cyclotron heatingElectron cyclotron current drive
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