Neutron flux in lower hybrid current drive plasmas on EAST

Diagnostics application of fusion reaction measurements on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) has been proved by fusion neutrons during deuterium plasma discharges. In lower hybrid current drive plasmas, fusion neutrons are dominant mainly due to a sufficiently low loop voltage, which suppresses the photo-neutrons caused by runaway electrons. For fixed plasma current and lower hybrid wave (LHW) power, the fusion neutron flux depends on ion density as , stronger than a power of two, caused by an increased ion temperature, which is due to an increased electron and ion energy exchange by more frequent collisions at higher ion densities. The fusion neutron flux depends on , at fixed LHW power and main ion density, which is mainly due to ion temperature affected by ohmic power and energy confinement time. Finally, the unchanged fusion neutron flux with LHW power indicates little variation in the main ion temperature, which is consistent with direct ion temperature measurements. This is explained by the fact that an increased energy transfer to ions by collisions is almost compensated for by less frequent collisions and decreased energy confinement time at higher LHW powers.