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Progress of physics understanding for long pulse high-performance plasmas on EAST towards the steady-state operation of ITER and CFETR

J Huang, X Gong, A M Garofalo, J Qian, J Chen, M Wu, M Li, Q Yuan, L Wang, C Pan2020年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Recently, the first ever 100 s long, steady-state H-mode discharge with good control of impurities, core and edge MHD stabilities, and heat exhaust was demonstrated in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) using the ITER-like (International Tokamak Experimental Reactor) tungsten upper divertor. Using both radio frequency (RF) power and neutral beam injection (NBI) heating, EAST has demonstrated fully non-inductive scenarios with an extension of fusion performance at high density and low rotation: βP ∼ 2.5, βN ∼ 2.0, H98,y2 ∼ 1.2, bootstrap current fraction fBS ∼50% at q95 ∼ 6.8. With pure RF power heating, plasmas have been maintained for up to 21 s (over 40 times the current relaxation time) with zero loop voltage and small edge localized modes (ELMs) at high density (ne/nGW ∼ 0.6–0.8), βP ∼ 2.0, βN ∼ 1.6, and ƒBS ∼47%. Experimental investigations show how plasma current profiles, turbulent transport and radiation properties self-consistently evolve toward fusion relevant steady state conditions. Modeling and physics experiments have confirmed the synergistic effects between electron cyclotron heating (ECH) and low hybrid wave (LHW), where ECH enhances the heating and current drive from LHW injection, enabling fully non-inductive operation at higher density. Small/no ELMs facilitate the RF power coupling in the H-mode phase and reduce divertor erosion. A low tungsten concentration was observed at high βP with a hollow profile in the core. Reduction of the peak divertor heat flux with frad of up to 40% was compatible with the high βP scenario by using active radiation feedback control. With features such as dominant electron heating, zero/low NBI torque and an ITER-like tungsten divertor, fully non-inductive high-performance experiments on EAST offer unique contributions towards the succesful operation of ITER and CFETR (the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor).

日本語訳

最近、実験先進超伝導トカマク(EAST)において、ITER類似のタングステン上部ダイバータを用いて、不純物、コア・エッジMHD安定性、および熱排気の良好な制御を伴う、初の100秒間の定常Hモード放電が実証された。高密度・低回転条件下での核融合性能の向上を伴う完全非誘導シナリオが、高周波(RF)電力と中性粒子ビーム入射(NBI)加熱の両方を用いて実証された:βP ∼ 2.5、βN ∼ 2.0、H98,y2 ∼ 1.1、ブートストラップ電流割合fBS ∼ 50%(q95 ∼ 6.8)。純RF電力加熱のみを用いて、ゼロループ電圧、高密度(ne/nGW ∼ 0.6–0.8)、βP ∼ 2.0、βN ∼ 1.6、fBS ∼ 47%の条件下で、小規模な周辺局在モード(ELM)を伴うプラズマが最長21秒間維持された。実験により、プラズマ電流分布、乱流輸送、および放射特性が、核融合炉に関連する定常状態へと自己整合的に発展することが示された。モデリングおよび物理実験により、電子サイクロトロン加熱(ECH)と低混成波(LHW)の間の相乗効果が確認され、ECHがLHWによる電流駆動と加熱を増強し、高密度での完全非誘導運転を可能にすることが実証された。小規模または消失したELMは、Hモード位相におけるRF電力結合を促進し、ダイバータの損耗を低減した。高βP条件下では、コア部で中空の密度分布を伴う低タングステン濃度が観測された。アクティブな放射フィードバック制御を用いることで、ピークダイバータ熱流束の低減(放射割合frad ∼ 40%まで)が高βPシナリオと両立可能であることが示された。主として電子加熱、ゼロ/低NBIトルク、ITER類似タングステンダイバータといった特徴を有する完全非誘導高性能実験は、ITERおよびCFETR(中国核融合工学試験炉)の成功に向けた独自の貢献を提供するものである。

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east高精度(タイトル一致)iter高精度(タイトル一致)

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