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Materials effects and design implications of disruptions and off-normal events in ITER

A. Hassanein, G. Federici, I. Konkashbaev, A. Zhitlukhin, V. Litunovsky1998年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractDamage to plasma-facing components (PFCs) and structural materials during abnormal plasma behavior such as hard disruptions, edge-localized modes (ELMs), and vertical displacement events (VDEs) is considered a serious life-limiting concern for these components. The PFCs in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), such as the divertor, limiter and parts of the first wall, will be subjected to high energy deposition during these plasma instabilities. High erosion losses on material surfaces, high temperature rise in structural materials (particularly at the bonding interface), and high heat flux levels and possible burnout of the coolant tubes are critical constraints that severely limit component lifetime and therefore degrade reactor performance, safety and economics. Recently developed computer models and simulation experiments are being used to evaluate various damage to PFCs during the abnormal events. The design implications of plasma-facing and nearby components are discussed, and recommendations are made to mitigate the effects of these events.

日本語訳

プラズマ対向機器(PFC)および構造材料への異常プラズマ挙動(ハードディスラプション、周辺局在モード(ELM)、垂直変位事象(VDE)など)による損傷は、これらの機器の寿命を深刻に制限する重大な懸念事項であると考えられている。国際熱核融合実験炉(ITER)におけるPFC(ダイバータ、リミター、第一壁の一部など)は、これらのプラズマ不安定性の際に高いエネルギー堆積にさらされることになる。材料表面での高い侵食損失、構造材料(特に接合界面)での高い温度上昇、および高い熱流束と冷却管の焼損の可能性は、部品の寿命を著しく制限し、したがって炉の性能、安全性、経済性を損なう重大な制約要因である。近年開発されたコンピュータモデルとシミュレーション実験は、これらの異常事象時のPFCへの様々な損傷を評価するために使用されている。プラズマ対向部品および近傍部品の設計への影響について議論し、これらの事象の影響を緩和するための推奨事項が示されている。

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