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Accumulation of beryllium and its effects on hydrogen retention in tungsten divertor

Zhihai He, H.Y. He, J.L. Chen, R. Ding, B.C. Pan2018年被引用 2Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Tungsten (W) and beryllium (Be), as superiorly structural materials, may mutually permeate into each other when used as the plasma-facing materials in a fusion reactor, and interact with hydrogen (H) which commonly exists in the fusion environment. By performing first-principles calculations, we investigate the interactions among W, Be and H in W materials. We find that multiple (up to 10) Be atoms can dissolve in W monovacancy to form nBe-VW complexes, and these complexes can decrease the formation energy of a vacancy nearby, which in turn promotes the growth of nBe-VW complexes. The presence of the nBe-VW complexes reduces the retention of H in vacancy. However, we also find that a small amount of Be dissolved in the small-angle tilt grain boundary (GB) has no obvious influence on H retention, while a large amount of Be will promote the growth of cavities in the GB regions. In addition, the adsorbed Be atoms on W (0 0 1) surface are energetically favorable to aggregate together and form a monolayer structure. The presence of Be atomic layer can weaken the adsorption of H on W surface. This work provides a fundamental insight for understanding the accumulation of Be in W, as well as its effects on H retention. This work did not deal with the case relevant to the Be–W alloying phase, which requires further study.

日本語訳

タングステン(W)とベリリウム(Be)は、優れた構造材料として、核融合炉のプラズマ対向材料として使用される際に相互に浸透し、核融合環境に一般的に存在する水素(H)と相互作用する可能性がある。第一原理計算を用いて、W材料中のW、Be、Hの間の相互作用を調査した。最大10個のBe原子がW単空孔に溶解してnBe-VW複合体を形成できること、またこれらの複合体が近傍の空孔形成エネルギーを低下させ、それによってnBe-VW複合体の成長を促進することを見出した。nBe-VW複合体の存在は、空孔におけるHの保持を減少させる。しかしながら、小角度粒界に溶解した少量のBeはH保持に顕著な影響を与えない一方、多量のBeは粒界領域におけるキャビティの成長を促進することも見出した。さらに、W(0 0 1)表面に吸着したBe原子は、エネルギー的に有利に凝集して単層構造を形成する。Be原子層の存在は、W表面におけるHの吸着を弱めることができる。本研究は、W中のBeの蓄積と、そのH保持への影響を理解するための基礎的知見を提供する。なお、本研究ではBe-W合金相に関するケースは扱っておらず、今後のさらなる研究が必要である。

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DivertorTungstenBerylliumTungsten divertor
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