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Relaxation of toroidal plasmas: tokamaks

M Y Kucinski, V Okano1995年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

We do not believe that the minimum energy theory is applicable to driven plasmas. We assume that relaxation occurs towards a state of minimum entropy production rate. As the equilibrium Ohm's law cannot be satisfied in peaked-current density states, the final state must be steadily turbulent. What is new about our theory is, fundamentally: (i) the pressure balance is considered as a relevant constraint upon the relaxed state and this is expressed as an integral relation; (ii) the energy dissipation by turbulence is assumed to be minimal and (iii) anisotropic resistivity is regarded as the main cause of poloidal current. The numerical calculations of magnetic field and current density reproduce typical observations in tokamaks.

日本語訳

我々は、最小エネルギー理論が駆動プラズマに適用可能であるとは考えない。我々は、エントロピー生成率が最小となる状態への緩和が生じると仮定する。平衡オームの法則はピーク電流状態では満たされ得ないため、最終状態は定常的に乱流でなければならない。我々の理論において本質的に新しい点は、以下の通りである:(i) 圧力バランスが緩和状態に対する関連する拘束条件として考慮され、これが積分関係式として表現されること;(ii) 乱流によるエネルギー散逸が最小であると仮定されること;(iii) 異方性抵抗率がポロイダル電流の主な原因であると見なされること。磁場および電流密度の数値計算結果は、トカマクにおける典型的な観測結果を再現する。

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