AbstractThe work on the safety and environment for the Next European Torus (NET) is being performed within the European Fusion Technology Safety and Environment Programme by the NET team and under NET contracts.In the area of NET-oriented investigations concerning waste management and disposal, Studsvik is concentrating on the operational waste from both NET and ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor).This paper gives a characterization and quantification of the radioactive waste generated from the operation of ITER during the Physics Phase, and from the replacement of all blanket segments (European shielding blanket option) at the end of the Physics Phase after an integrated first-wall loading of 0.03 MWy/m2.The total activity contents and volumes of packaged waste from the Physics Phase operation and from the blanket replacement are estimated.The waste volume from replacement of the shielding blanket segments of ITER is considerably larger than estimated in earlier calculations for NET [1–3] due to the fact that the ITER conceptual design [4] includes more of the steel shielding in the removable segments.The waste handling and disposal are described using existing Swedish and German concepts for similar waste categories from nuclear fission reactors. This includes the choice of suitable packagings, intermediate storage time for cooling, and type of repository for final disposal. Some typical cost figures for waste handling are also presented.
次欧罗巴聚变装置（NET）的安全与环境工作正在欧洲聚变技术安全与环境计划框架内，由NET团队并根据NET合同执行。在涉及废物管理和处置的NET定向研究领域中，Studsvik公司正专注于NET和ITER（国际热核实验反应堆）两者的运行废物。本文对ITER在物理阶段运行期间以及物理阶段结束时更换全部包层模块（欧洲屏蔽包层方案）所产生的放射性废物进行了定性和定量分析，其中物理阶段结束时的累计第一壁载荷为0.03 MWy/m²。本文估算了物理阶段运行及包层更换所产生的包装废物的总活度含量和体积。与早先对NET的估算[1-3]相比，ITER屏蔽包层模块更换所产生的废物体积要大得多，这是因为ITER概念设计[4]在可拆卸模块中包含了更多的钢屏蔽层。本文参照德国和瑞典对核裂变反应堆同类废物的现有处置方案，描述了废物的处理和处置方法，包括选择合适的包装容器、中间冷却储存时间以及最终处置库类型。文中还给出了一些典型的废物处理成本数据。