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An adjoint method for gradient-based optimization of stellarator coil shapes

E.J. Paul, M. Landreman, A. Bader, W. Dorland2018年被引用 37Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

We present a method for stellarator coil design via gradient-based optimization of the coil-winding surface. The REGCOIL (Landreman 2017 Nucl. Fusion57 046003) approach is used to obtain the coil shapes on the winding surface using a continuous current potential. We apply the adjoint method to calculate derivatives of the objective function, allowing for efficient computation of analytic gradients while eliminating the numerical noise of approximate derivatives. We are able to improve engineering properties of the coils by targeting the root-mean-squared current density in the objective function. We obtain winding surfaces for W7-X and HSX which simultaneously decrease the normal magnetic field on the plasma surface and increase the surface-averaged distance between the coils and the plasma in comparison with the actual winding surfaces. The coils computed on the optimized surfaces feature a smaller toroidal extent and curvature and increased inter-coil spacing. A technique for computation of the local sensitivity of figures of merit to normal displacements of the winding surface is presented, with potential applications for understanding engineering tolerances.

日本語訳

我々は、コイル巻線表面の勾配ベースの最適化によるステラレーターコイル設計手法を提示する。REGCOIL(Landreman 2017 Nucl. Fusion 46 046203)アプローチを用いて、連続電流ポテンシャルを用いた巻線表面上のコイル形状を取得する。我々は、随伴法を適用して目的関数の導関数を計算し、近似微分の数値ノイズを排除しつつ、解析的勾配の効率的な計算を可能にする。我々は、目的関数において二乗平均平方根電流密度をターゲットとすることにより、コイルの工学的特性を改善することができる。我々は、W7-XおよびHSXに対して、プラズマ表面上の法線磁場を低減しつつ、実際の巻線表面と比較してコイルとプラズマ間の表面平均距離を増大させる巻線表面を取得する。最適化された表面上で計算されたコイルは、より小さなトロイダル方向の広がりと曲率、および増大したコイル間隔を特徴とする。巻線表面の法線変位に対する評価指標の局所感度を計算する手法を提示し、工学的公差の理解への応用の可能性を示す。

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