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Divertor detachment with neon seeding in grassy-ELM H-mode in EAST

Kedong Li, Guosheng Xu, Zhongshi Yang, Liang Wang, Qiping Yuan, Jianbin Liu, Huiqian Wang, Houyang Guo, David Eldon, Alan Hyatt2020年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Simultaneous control of the transient heat load induced by the large-amplitude edge-localized modes (ELMs) and the time-averaged heat and particle fluxes to the divertor targets is a critical issue for the steady-state operation of a future tokamak fusion reactor. The combination of divertor detachment and grassy-ELM regime provides a candidate solution to this issue. The strong particle exhaust capability of the grassy-ELM regime greatly facilitates the achievement of steady-state operation of a detached plasma with divertor impurity seeding. Stable complete detachment at inner target and partial detachment at outer target in the grassy-ELM regime have been achieved with seeding of 5% neon (Ne) and 95% D2 mixture since 2018 in the EAST superconducting tokamak with ITER-like tungsten monoblock upper divertor. The peak ion fluxes (Γion) on the upper outer and inner divertor targets were reduced by 55% and 92%, respectively. However, it was accompanied by confinement degradation with 18% reduction in the plasma stored energy WMHD. In contrast, partial detachment on the upper outer divertor target with confinement improvement has been achieved with the power across the separatrix (Psep) around the H-mode threshold power. In addition, at relatively lower q95 (∼5.7) with unfavorable Bt direction, Ne seeding leads to a transition from mixed (large/small) ELM regime into grassy-ELM regime with significantly increased ELM frequency, which extends the accessible parameter range of the grassy-ELM regime towards lower q95.

日本語訳

将来のトカマク型核融合炉の定常運転において、大振幅の周辺局在モード(ELM)によって誘起される過渡的な熱負荷と、ダイバータへの時間平均熱・粒子束を同時に制御することは、重要な課題である。ダイバータのデタッチメントとグレッシーELM regimeの組み合わせは、この課題に対する有力な解決策となる。グレッシーELM regimeの強力な粒子排気能力は、ダイバータへの不純物入射を伴うデタッチ状態のプラズマの定常運転の実現を大いに促進する。ITER類似のタングステンモノブロック上部ダイバータを備えたEAST超伝導トカマクにおいて、2018年以降、5%ネオン(Ne)と95%重水素(D₂)の混合ガス入射により、グレッシーELM regimeでの内側ダイバータの完全デタッチメントと外側ダイバータの部分デタッチメントが達成されている。上部外側および内側ダイバータターゲットへのピークイオン束(Γion)は、それぞれ55%および92%低減された。しかしながら、これに伴い閉じ込めの劣化が生じ、プラズマ蓄積エネルギーのW_MHDが18%減少した。一方、Hモード閾値パワー付近のセパラトリクスを横切るパワー(P_sep)では、閉じ込めの改善を伴う上部外側ダイバータの部分デタッチメントが達成されている。さらに、比較的低いq95(∼5.7)かつ不利なBt方向において、Ne入射は混合(大/小)ELM regimeからグレッシーELM regimeへの遷移を引き起こし、ELM周波数を大幅に増加させ、グレッシーELM regimeのアクセス可能なパラメータ領域をより低いq95側へ拡大した。

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east高精度(タイトル一致)iter中精度(概要文一致)

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DivertorEASTEdge localized modeH-modeDivertor detachment
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