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Effects of plasma flow velocity on melt-layer splashing and erosion during plasma instabilities

G. Miloshevsky, A. Hassanein2014年被引用 24Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

It is recognized both experimentally and computationally that the main damage of divertor in fusion devices such as ITER could be due to melting of metallic plasma facing components such as tungsten developed during plasma instabilities. Macroscopic melt motion and splashing with ejection of molten droplets into plasma are major concern. The computational modelling of uncoupled/coupled plasma–melt flows is carried out using the developed VoF-MHD model. The goal of this research is to study the effect of viscous plasma flowing with a velocity of 0–5 km s−1 on the melt stability. Development of running waves with large wavelengths is observed on the melt surface in the absence of plasma impact. The magnetic field of 5 T that is parallel to the direction of melt motion completely damps these surface waves. When the magnetic field is perpendicular to the direction of melt motion, the small-amplitude standing waves are formed. The viscous plasma streaming with ∼0.1–5 km s−1 over the melt surface develops waves that are not damped by the magnetic field which is either parallel or normal to the direction of melt motion. It is observed that the surface waves are generated much faster at higher plasma speeds and their wavelength decreases accordingly. The high-speed viscous plasma flowing with ∼5 km s−1 produces small melt ripples that break up into droplets carried away by the plasma wind. This is a major concern for magnetic fusion as a reliable source of energy production.

日本語訳

実験的にも計算的にも、ITERのような核融合装置におけるダイバータの主要な損傷は、プラズマ不安定性の際に発生するタングステンなどの金属製プラズマ対向機器の溶融によるものであることが認識されている。巨視的な溶融移動と、溶融液滴のプラズマ中への放出を伴うスプラッシングは、主要な懸念事項である。非連成・連成プラズマ-溶融流れの計算モデリングは、開発されたVoID-MHDモデルを用いて実施される。本研究の目的は、0〜5 km s⁻¹の速度で流れる粘性プラズマが溶融安定性に及ぼす影響を調査することである。プラズマ衝撃がない場合、溶融表面には大きな波長を持つ進行波の発生が観察される。溶融移動方向に平行な5 Tの磁場は、これらの表面波を完全に減衰させる。磁場が溶融移動方向に垂直な場合、小さな振幅の定在波が形成される。溶融表面上を約0.1〜5 km s⁻¹で流れる粘性プラズマは、溶融移動方向に平行または垂直な磁場によって減衰されない波を発生させる。表面波は、より高速のプラズマ流においてより速く発生し、それに伴って波長は短くなることが観察される。約5 km s⁻¹で流れる高速粘性プラズマは、小さな溶融リップルを生成し、これが液滴に分裂してプラズマ風によって運ばれる。これは、信頼性の高いエネルギー源としての磁気核融合にとって主要な懸念事項である。

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