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Modelling the thermomechanical behaviour of the tungsten first wall in HiPER laser fusion scenarios

D. Garoz, A.R. Páramo, A. Rivera, J.M. Perlado, R. González-Arrabal2016年被引用 19Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The behaviour of a tungsten first wall is studied under the irradiation conditions predicted for the different operational scenarios of the European laser fusion project HiPER, which is based on direct drive targets and an evacuated dry wall chamber. The scenarios correspond to different stages in the development of a nuclear fusion reactor, from proof of principle (bunch mode facility) to economic feasibility (pre-commercial power plant). This work constitutes a quantitative study to evaluate first wall performance under realistic irradiation conditions in the different scenarios. We calculated the radiation fluxes assuming the geometrical configurations reported so far for HiPER. Then, we calculated the irradiation-induced evolution of first wall temperature and the thermomechanical response of the material. The results indicate that the first wall will plastically deform up to a few microns underneath the surface. Continuous operation in a power plant leads to fatigue failure with crack generation and growth. Finally, crack propagation and the minimum tungsten thickness required to fulfil the first wall protection role is studied. The response of tungsten as a first wall material as well as its main limitations will be discussed for the HiPER scenarios.

日本語訳

タングステン第一壁の挙動を、欧州レーザー核融合プロジェクトHiPER(直接駆動ターゲットと真空乾式チャンバーに基づく)の異なる運転シナリオに対して予測される照射条件下で研究した。各シナリオは、核融合炉開発の異なる段階、すなわち原理実証(バンチモード施設)から経済的実現性(商業発電所)までに対応する。本研究は、異なるシナリオにおける現実的な照射条件下での第一壁性能を定量的に評価するものである。これまでに報告されているHiPERの幾何学的配置を仮定して放射線フラックスを計算した。次に、照射による第一壁温度の時間発展と材料の熱力学的応答を計算した。結果は、第一壁が表面下数ミクロンの範囲で塑性変形することを示している。発電所での連続運転は、き裂の発生と進展を伴う疲労破壊につながる。最後に、き裂進展と、第一壁の保護機能を果たすために必要なタングステンの最小厚さについて検討した。HiPERシナリオにおける第一壁材料としてのタングステンの応答とその主な限界について議論する。

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