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Generation and termination of runaway electrons at major disruptions in JT-60U

R. Yoshino, S. Tokuda, Y. Kawano1999年被引用 146Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The operation conditions to avoid runaway electron generation at the major disruption have been investigated in JT-60U tokamak plasmas. It has been found that runaway electrons are not observed for low Bt of ⩽ 2.2 T or low plasma current quench rates (Iγ ≡ -(dIp/dt)/Ip) of <50 s-1. Furthermore, they are not observed for low effective safety factors defined at the plasma edge (qeff) of ⩽ 2.5 even for high Iγ of 300-400 s-1, which is the case for uncontrolled disruptions accompanied by large plasma displacements (e.g., vertical displacement events (VDEs)). On the other hand, in controlled disruptions with small plasma shifts, qeff easily increases above 8, and runaway electrons are observed even for low current quench rates of 50-100 s-1. Furthermore, it has been found that in these position controlled disruptions the runaway current tail can rapidly decay even for zero or weakly positive plasma surface voltages. These observations of the avoidance and termination of runaway electrons suggest an anomalous loss mechanism for runaway electrons.

日本語訳

JT-60Uトカマクプラズマにおいて、大破壊時の逃走電子生成を回避するための運転条件が調査された。低いBt(≤ 2.2 T)または低いプラズマ電流クエンチ率(Iγ ≡ -(dIp/dt)/Ip < 50 s⁻¹)では、逃走電子が観測されないことが見出された。さらに、プラズマ端で定義される低い有効安全係数(qeff ≤ 2.5)では、大きなプラズマ変位を伴う非制御破壊(例えば、垂直変位事象(VDE))の場合に生じる高いIγ(300-400 s⁻¹)であっても、逃走電子は観測されない。一方、プラズマ変位が小さい制御破壊では、qeffは容易に8以上に上昇し、低い電流クエンチ率(50-100 s⁻¹)であっても逃走電子が観測される。さらに、これらの位置制御破壊においては、プラズマ表面電圧がゼロまたは弱い正の場合でも、逃走電流テールが急速に減衰し得ることが見出された。これらの逃走電子の回避および終熄に関する観測結果は、逃走電子の異常損失機構の存在を示唆している。

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Plasma disruptionJT-60URunaway electron
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