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Comparison of disruption mitigation from shattered pellet injection with massive gas injection on J-TEXT

Y. Li, Z.Y. Chen, W. Yan, Y.N. Wei, R.H. Tong, Z.F. Lin, W. Li, W. Bai, N.C. Wang, D. Li2021年被引用 13Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The mitigation of disruption damage is essential to the safe operation of a large-scale tokamak. In order to achieve the safe operation of ITER, the shattered pellet injection (SPI) has been considered as a primary measure of disruption mitigation. A dedicated argon SPI system, focusing on disruption mitigation has been designed for the J-TEXT tokamak. In the J-TEXT SPI system, a pure argon pellet can be formed in the freezing tube, then separated from the tube and accelerated by a punch mechanism. The pellet can be injected with a speed of 150–300 m s−1. The performance of disruption mitigation by Ar SPI has been compared with Ar massive gas injection (MGI). The cooling process observed from the ECE indicates that the SPI has deeper deposition, with the cold front that can reach the q = 1 rational surface in case of SPI, but stops at the q = 2 profile in MGI. The increase of core plasma density during a fast shutdown is higher than that with Ar MGI, which proves a deeper penetration of SPI. In disruption, the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) activities, measured at the Mirnov coils, have similar behavior in both MGI and SPI shots. The m/n = 2/1 mode dominates the MHD activities from the penetration to the end of the thermal quench (TQ). Subsequently, in the current quench (CQ) phase, the m/n = 3/1 mode grows to become the dominant mode. The radiation power is much stronger in the SPI shot. The radiation asymmetry is compared in the two plasma disruption mitigation methods. Changing the pellet velocity can effectively adjust the TQ process and CQ rate, which can achieve a higher impurity assimilation rate when the pellet velocity increases in a certain range.

日本語訳

ディスラプション損傷の緩和は、大型トカマクの安全運転に不可欠である。ITERの安全運転を達成するために、破砕ペレット注入(SPI)がディスラプション緩和の主要な手段として考えられてきた。J-TEXTトカマクのために、ディスラプション緩和に焦点を当てた専用のアルゴンSPIシステムが設計されている。J-TEXT SPIシステムでは、純アルゴンペレットが凍結管内で形成され、その後管から分離され、パンチ機構によって加速される。ペレットは150–300 m s−1の速度で注入できる。Ar SPIによるディスラプション緩和の性能は、Ar大量ガス注入(MGI)と比較されている。ECEから観測された冷却過程は、SPIがより深い堆積を持つことを示しており、冷たい前線はSPIの場合にはq = 1有理面に到達できるが、MGIではq = 2プロファイルで停止する。高速シャットダウン中のコアプラズマ密度の増加はAr MGIの場合よりも高く、これはSPIのより深い浸透を証明している。ディスラプションにおいて、Mirnovコイルで測定された磁気流体力学(MHD)活動は、MGIとSPIの両方のショットで同様の挙動を示す。m/n = 2/1モードは、浸透から熱クエンチ(TQ)終了までのMHD活動を支配する。その後、電流クエンチ(CQ)位相では、m/n = 3/1モードが成長して支配的モードとなる。放射パワーはSPIショットの方がはるかに強い。放射非対称性は、2つのプラズマディスラプション緩和方法で比較される。ペレット速度を変えることで、TQ過程とCQ率を効果的に調整でき、ペレット速度が特定の範囲で増加すると、より高い不純物同化率を達成できる。

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Plasma disruptionTEXTPellet injectionJ-TEXTDisruption mitigationShattered pellet injectionMassive gas injection
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