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MHD problems in free liquid surfaces as plasma-facing materials in magnetically confined reactors

I Konkashbaev, A Hassanein2002年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractThe development of solid plasma-facing components (PFCs) that can withstand high heat and particle fluxes during normal and abnormal events has proven to be a difficult task for future power-producing magnetically confined reactors. Solid PFC cannot be reliably used because of the large erosion losses during normal and off-normal events such as disruptions and their consequences. The use of liquid metal surfaces for protection of PFCs seems attractive but is not easily implemented. The ability to use liquids as PFC surfaces depends on their overall integrated interaction with the plasma as well as with the strong magnetic field in the reactor. The temperature of a flowing liquid surface governed by surface velocity should be low enough to avoid core plasma contamination by the metal vapor. A high liquid flow velocity, V, may also be necessary to overcome the force F=[J×B], where J is current and B is magnetic field. In this study, MHD flow patterns of the liquid metal across the magnetic field (B=5 T) are investigated. The retarding force F=[J×B] results in a rather high pressure drop required to move the liquid metal across the magnetic field. New two-dimensional calculations of MHD effects and resulting pressure drop have been completed with the upgraded heights software package.

日本語訳

固体プラズマ対向機器(PFC)の開発は、通常時および異常時の高熱流束と粒子束に耐え得るものであるが、将来の動力生産を目的とした磁気閉じ込め核融合炉にとって困難な課題であることが証明されている。固体PFCは、ディスラプションなどの通常時および異常時事象における大きな損耗損失とその結果生じる影響のため、信頼性をもって使用することはできない。PFCの保護のための液体金属表面の使用は魅力的に思われるが、容易に実装できるものではない。液体をPFC表面として使用できるかどうかは、プラズマとの全体的な統合的相互作用だけでなく、炉内の強磁場との相互作用にも依存する。表面速度によって決定される流動液体表面の温度は、金属蒸気によるコアプラズマ汚染を回避するのに十分低くなければならない。高い液体流速Vも、力F=[J×B](ここでJは電流、Bは磁場)に打ち勝つために必要となる場合がある。本研究では、磁場(B=5 T)を横切る液体金属のMHD流動パターンを調査する。減速力F=[J×B]は、液体金属を磁場を横切って移動させるために必要なかなり高い圧力降下をもたらす。MHD効果とそれに伴う圧力降下に関する新しい二次元計算は、改良されたheightsソフトウェアパッケージを用いて完了した。

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MagnetohydrodynamicsPlasma-facing component
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