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Dependence of upstream SOL density shoulder on divertor neutral pressure observed in L-mode and H-mode plasmas in the EAST superconducting tokamak

N. Yan, L. Chen, G.S. Xu, X.Q. Wu, S.C. Liu, Y.F. Wang, L.Y. Meng, G.H. Hu, N. Zhao, H. Lan2021年被引用 5Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

Upstream density profiles in the scrape-off layer (SOL) have been examined in low-confinement mode (L-mode) and high-confinement mode (H-mode) plasmas in the EAST superconducting tokamak. A weak density shoulder forms in the near SOL region in upper single-null configurations when the neutral pressure measured at the lower divertor exceeds a threshold value of 2 × 10−2 Pa in L-mode plasmas. When the neutral pressure is below this threshold, the weak density shoulder is absent and the sidebands of the lower hybrid waves associated with SOL parametric instabilities are reduced. Active detachment control with neon–deuterium seeding demonstrate that the weak density shoulder can form before the onset of the outer divertor detachment as long as the neutral pressure is above the threshold. Furthermore, no remarkable expansion of a shoulder is observed during divertor detachment, suggesting that divertor detachment is not a necessary condition for the formation or growth of a density shoulder. Through the increase in neutral pressure in the lower divertor by an order of magnitude, the weak shoulder was observed to expand into the far SOL and reach the leading edge of the limiter. The results in L-mode discharges identified the neutral pressure in the lower divertor as a primary factor for the formation of an SOL density shoulder in the upper single-null discharges. For the type-I ELMy H-mode plasmas, a similar density shoulder was detected during the inter-ELM phase when the neutral pressure in the lower divertor exceeded a threshold value of 4 × 10−2 Pa. On the other hand, the shoulder was absent when the divertor neutral pressure went below this threshold even though the plasma discharge was conducted with a higher core line-averaged density and divertor collisionality. This is consistent with the observations in L-mode plasmas. The neutral particle ionization of the working gas is thus believed to play a key role during the formation of the SOL density shoulder in the EAST tokamak.

日本語訳

スクレイプオフ層(SOL)における上流密度プロファイルが、EAST超伝導トカマクの低閉じ込めモード(Lモード)および高閉じ込めモード(Hモード)プラズマにおいて調べられた。上部単零配位において、下部ダイバータで測定された中性粒子圧力がLモードプラズマで2×10⁻² Paの閾値を超えると、SOL近傍領域に弱い密度ショルダーが形成される。中性粒子圧力がこの閾値を下回る場合、弱い密度ショルダーは形成されず、SOLパラメトリック不安定性に伴う低域混成波のサイドバンドは低減される。ネオン–重水素シーディングによる能動的ダイバータ離脱制御により、中性粒子圧力が閾値以上である限り、外側ダイバータの離脱開始前に弱い密度ショルダーが形成され得ることが実証された。さらに、ダイバータ離脱中にショルダーの顕著な拡大は観測されず、ダイバータ離脱は密度ショルダーの形成または成長の必要条件ではないことが示唆された。下部ダイバータの中性粒子圧力が一桁増加すると、弱いショルダーが遠SOL領域まで拡大し、リミッター先端に到達することが観測された。Lモード放電における結果は、上部単零配位でのSOL密度ショルダー形成の主要因子が下部ダイバータの中性粒子圧力であることを特定した。タイプI ELMy Hモードプラズマにおいても、下部ダイバータの中性粒子圧力が4×10⁻² Paの閾値を超えると、ELM間期に同様の密度ショルダーが検出された。一方、中性粒子圧力がこの閾値を下回る場合、コアの線平均密度とダイバータ衝突度が高いにもかかわらず、ショルダーは形成されなかった。これはLモードプラズマでの観測結果と一致する。したがって、作動ガスの中性粒子電離がEASTトカマクにおけるSOL密度ショルダー形成に重要な役割を果たすと考えられる。

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east高精度(タイトル一致)

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DivertorEASTH-modeScrape-off layerL-mode
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