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Singular global components and frequency shift of the geodesic acoustic continuum modes in shaped tokamaks

C Wahlberg, J P Graves2019年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

Within the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, the geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) in tokamaks derived by Winsor et al (1968 Phys. Fluids11 2448) belong to the continuous spectrum, characterised by unbounded non-square integrable eigenfunctions (delta functions) at the singular surfaces (Goedbloed 1975 Phys. Fluids18 1258). The eigenfunctions of the MHD continua in cylindrical as well as toroidal plasmas include, in addition, components that exist outside the singular surfaces and have singularities of type or where is a flux function that labels the magnetic surfaces, and defines the singular surface (Pao 1975 Nucl. Fusion15 631). Using a large aspect ratio approximation of tokamak plasmas it is shown in this paper that the GAMs indeed include such singular components. Hence, in addition to the non-square integrable and components of the plasma flow and of the density and pressure perturbations at the GAM surface, the GAM continua also include accompanying and singular components varying as This gives the and components of each GAM in the continuum radially extended profiles and a global character also within ideal theory. To the same order in the expansion, effects of a finite aspect ratio and a non-circular plasma cross section on the GAM frequency are also calculated, and we recover the dependence on inverse aspect ratio and Shafranov shift of the real GAM frequency previously calculated within gyrokinetic theory by Gao (2010 Phys. Plasmas17 092503). Furthermore, while the dominating shaping effect on the GAM frequency comes from plasma elongation, as shown previously, it is shown in this paper that there is a higher-order triangularity effect that can also be significant. The calculated triangularity effect predicts a nearly linearly increasing GAM frequency with increasing triangularity, a phenomenon observed also in the TCV tokamak.

日本語訳

理想MHDモデルにおいて、Winsorら(1968 Phys. Fluids 11 2448)によって導出されたトカマク中の測地線音響モード(GAM)は、特異面において非二乗可積分な固有関数(デルタ関数)によって特徴づけられる連続スペクトルに属する(Goedbloed 1975 Phys. Fluids 18 1258)。円柱およびトロイダルプラズマにおけるMHD連続スペクトルの固有関数は、特異面の外側に存在し、 または 型の特異性を持つ成分を追加的に含む。ここで、 は磁気面をラベル付けするフラックス関数であり、 は特異面を定義する(Pao 1975 Nucl. Fusion 15 631)。本論文では、トカマクプラズマの大アスペクト比近似を用いて、GAMが実際にそのような特異成分を含むことを示す。したがって、GAM面におけるプラズマ流、密度および圧力摂動の非二乗可積分な および 成分に加えて、GAM連続スペクトルは および に応じて変化する付随する および 特異成分も含む。これにより、各GAMの および 成分は連続スペクトル内で動径方向に拡張されたプロファイルを持ち、理想理論の枠組み内でも大域的性質を示す。同じ展開次数において、有限アスペクト比および非円形プラズマ断面がGAM周波数に及ぼす効果も計算し、Gao(2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 092503)によってジャイロ運動論理論の枠組みで以前に計算された実GAM周波数の逆アスペクト比およびシアフラノフシフトへの依存性を再現する。さらに、GAM周波数に対する支配的な形状効果がプラズマ伸長度に由来することは既に示されているが、本論文では、高次の三角形変形度効果も有意であり得ることを示す。計算された三角形変形度効果は、TCVトカマクでも観測された現象である、三角形変形度の増加に伴うGAM周波数のほぼ線形的な増加を予測する。

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