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Geodesic acoustic mode in tokamaks: local consideration and eigenvalue analysis

Ya I Kolesnichenko, B S Lepiavko, V V Lutsenko2013年Plasma Physics and Controlled FusionIF 2.2出版社

A set of magnetohydrodynamic equations describing the geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) in tokamak plasmas is derived. The obtained equations take into account the presence of the energetic ions and allow to study energetic-ion-driven GAM instability perturbatively or non-perturbatively (EGAM mode). They are applicable to plasmas with , where , , cs is the sound velocity, vA is the Alfvén velocity, q is the tokamak safety factor. Using these equations, GAM/EGAM instability is studied in a local approach and by means of the eigenvalue analysis. It is shown that β-coupling (the coupling of Fourier harmonics of the perturbation due to finite β—ratio of the plasma pressure to the magnetic field pressure—and the curvature of the field lines) can be responsible for the radial structure of the GAM-mode. A conclusion is drawn that conditions for the GAM/EGAM instability to arise are mildest in the case of counter-injection of energetic ions with pitch angles χ2 < 0.6 and large ratio of Larmor radius of the energetic ions to a characteristic length of inhomogeneity of these ions. A numerical code solving the derived equations is developed. Specific calculations are carried out for tokamaks with a non-monotonic safety factor. On the other hand, it is found that due to the presence of the energetic ions the GAM/EGAM continuum can have an extremum even when the safety factor q(r) is monotonic, which indicates that global modes can exist also in this case.

日本語訳

トカマクプラズマにおける測地音響モード(GAM)を記述する一連の磁気流体力学方程式を導出する。得られた方程式は高エネルギーイオンの存在を考慮し、高エネルギーイオン駆動GAM不安定性を摂動的または非摂動的に解析することを可能にする。それらは、q、cs、vAをそれぞれ安全係数、音速、アルフヴェン速度とする、q > 1、β << 1、q^2β << 1のプラズマに適用可能である。これらの方程式を用いて、GAM/EGAM不安定性を局所近似および固有値解析により調べる。β結合(有限βによる摂動のフーリエ高調波の結合、ここでβはプラズマ圧力と磁気圧の比)と磁力線の曲率が、GAMモードの動径構造の原因となり得ることが示される。GAM/EGAM不安定性が生じる条件は、χ2 < 0.6のピッチ角を持つ高エネルギーイオンの対向入射と、高エネルギーイオンのラーモア半径とこれらのイオンの不均一性の特性長との比が大きい場合に最も緩和されるという結論が導かれる。導出された方程式を解く数値コードを開発する。非単調安全係数を持つトカマクに対して具体的な計算を実行する。一方、安全係数q(r)が単調である場合でも、高エネルギーイオンの存在によりGAM/EGAM連続スペクトルが極値を持ち得ることが見出され、この場合にも大域的モードが存在し得ることを示している。

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Acoustic modeGeodesic acoustic mode
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