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Modeling of fully-developed, liquid metal, thin film flows for fusion divertor applications

Neil B. Morley, Mohamed A. Abdou1995年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractInterest in thin film flows of liquid metal (LM) in a strong magnetic field has increased due to the possible application of such flows to the protection of divertor surfaces in a tokamak fusion reactor. In order to investigate the behavior of such a thin film flow the fully-developed limit, a two-dimensional numerical model of open-channel, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow has been constructed. This flow is contained in a chute of arbitrary electrical conductance with a magnetic field perpendicular to the flow direction but with arbitrary azimuthal orientation. Results of this self-consistent model are used to examine issues of importance to the successful fusion divertor application of thin film flow, such as the uniform film height and heat transfer of the films. It is seen that the flow height can be dominated by even a small transverse component of the field, rather than the stronger coplanar component, due to the elongated nature of the film. The model is also used to determine the validity of the Hartmann-averaging technique, an approximation used extensively in previous developing film models to account for the effects oof a dominant coplanar field. This Hartmann-averaging is shown to be accurate in predicting the behavior of the core flow in the strong coplanar MHD interaction regimes, but cannot predict the flow quantity in parallel layer jets that can make up an appreciable portion of the flow. The Hartmann-averaging method is seen to be unsuitable for elongated flows dominated by the transverse field component.

日本語訳

液体金属(LM)の薄膜流に対する関心は、トカマク核融合炉におけるダイバータ表面の保護への応用可能性により高まっている。完全に発達した極限におけるこのような薄膜流の挙動を調査するため、開水路の電磁流体力学(MHD)流れの二次元数値モデルが構築された。この流れは、流れ方向に垂直であるが任意の方位角方向を持つ磁場を伴う、任意の電気伝導度を持つシュート内に閉じ込められている。この自己無撞着モデルの結果は、薄膜流の核融合ダイバータ応用の成功にとって重要な問題、例えば薄膜の均一な高さや熱伝達を検討するために用いられる。流れの高さは、薄膜の細長い性質により、より強い共面成分ではなく、横方向成分の小さな成分によって支配され得ることが示されている。このモデルはまた、以前の展開膜モデルで広く用いられた近似であるハルトマン平均化手法の妥当性を判断するためにも用いられる。このハルトマン平均化は、強い共面MHD相互作用領域におけるコア流れの挙動を予測する上で正確であることが示されているが、流れのかなりの部分を占め得る平行層ジェット内の流量を予測することはできない。ハルトマン平均化手法は、横方向磁場成分によって支配される細長い流れには不適切であることがわかる。

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