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Power balance investigation in long-pulse high-performance discharges with ITER-like tungsten divertor on EAST

Y. K. Liu, X. Gao, K. Hanada, Y. W. Yu, H. Q. Liu, L. Yang, T. Zhang, Y. X. Jie, J. P. Qian, L. Zeng2020年被引用 7Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) research program concentrates on demonstrating steady-state high-performance H-mode operations with ITER-like tungsten divertor. Calorimetry was applied to actively water-cool the plasma facing components (PFCs) by increasing the water temperature for power balance investigation. Considering the energy balance of EAST long-pulse high-performance discharges with upper single null (USN) configuration, thus far, approximately 78% of the injected energy could be accounted for. The method of estimation of heat flux on upper tungsten divertor target with a high time- and spatial-resolved infrared camera has been developed, and the sum of its heat load was found to be significantly consistent with that measured through calorimetry. The record longest steady-state H-mode plasma #73 999 was sustained for up to 101.2 s with net injected energy exceeding ∼0.25 GJ in the USN configuration. Heat load analysis of this discharge using calorimetric measurement indicates that the modification of heat load distribution was observed and this was induced by a slight change in the magnetic configuration. Not all temperature increments in the five cooling water modules reached the saturated state for the 100 s level discharge, which means that 100 s timescales are insufficient as compared to the thermal transport timescale in the targeted PFCs. The heat load on the tungsten divertor targets is not evenly distributed with the ratio of ∼2 in favour of the outer divertor.The experimental results and analysis of the physics involved in these USN configuration discharges are reported and discussed.

日本語訳

実験型先進超伝導トカマク(EAST)の研究プログラムは、ITER型タングステンダイバータを備えた定常高性能Hモード運転の実証に焦点を当てている。熱量測定は、プラズマ対向機器(PFC)の熱バランス調査のために水温を上昇させて能動水冷を行う際に適用された。上部単一零(USN)配位におけるEASTの長時間パルス高性能放電のエネルギー収支を考慮すると、これまでのところ、投入エネルギーの約78%が説明可能であった。高時間・空間分解赤外線カメラを用いた上部タングステンダイバータターゲット上の熱流束推定手法が開発され、その熱負荷の合計は熱量測定による値と有意に一致することが確認された。記録的な最長定常Hモードプラズマ#73,999は、USN配位において101.2秒間維持され、正味投入エネルギーは約0.25 GJを超えた。熱量測定を用いたこの放電の熱負荷解析により、熱負荷分布の変化が観測され、これは磁気配位のわずかな変化によって誘起されたことが示された。100秒レベルの放電において、5つの冷却水モジュールの温度上昇のすべてが飽和状態に達したわけではなく、これは対象としたPFCにおける熱輸送の時定数と比較して100秒の時間スケールでは不十分であることを意味する。タングステンダイバータターゲット上の熱負荷は均一に分布しておらず、外側ダイバータ側に有利な約2の比を示した。これらのUSN配位放電に関する実験結果と関連する物理の解析が報告され、議論される。

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