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MHD modelling of density limit disruptions in tokamaks

A. Bondeson, R.D. Parker, M. Hugon, P. Smeulders1991年被引用 64Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) activity during density limit disruptions in tokamaks is modelled numerically by three-dimensional resistive reduced MHD simulations with a simple transport model including radiation losses. The simulations reproduce experimentally observed phenomena such as the destabilization of MHD modes near the plasma edge during the early profile contraction phase, followed by growth of the m = 2/n = 1 mode to large amplitude, a sequence of minor disruptions and the major disruption. A new theoretical model is given for the major disruption, which takes place in two phases: (1) an internal relaxation flattens the temperature in the central part of the discharge and (2) the current profile broadens. The internal instability of the first phase has a mainly m = 1/n = 1 convection pattern, but, because of non-linear coupling to the large m = 2/n = 1 mode, the magnetic perturbation has a strong m = 3/n = 2 component. During the internal relaxation, the large amplitude 2/1, 1/1 and 3/2 perturbations break up the magnetic surfaces isolating the q ≈ 1 region from the stochastic region around q = 2, and the magnetic field becomes stochastic in the entire q ≤ 2 region. In the second phase of the major disruption, MHD turbulence first develops on the stochasticized fields, resulting in current filamentation, initially in the central region where q ≤ 2. This leads to a broadening of the central current profile and a strong instability of the 2/1 mode. The disruption ends with rapid growth of the m > 2/n = 1 modes. The result is stochastic magnetic fields across the entire plasma and a large scale broadening of the current profile.

日本語訳

トカマクにおける密度限界ディスラプション中の電磁流体力学(MHD)活動を、放射損失を含む簡単な輸送モデルを用いた三次元抵抗性簡約MHDシミュレーションによって数値的にモデル化する。シミュレーションは、初期のプロファイル収縮段階におけるプラズマ端近傍でのMHDモードの不安定化、それに続くm = 2/n = 1モードの大振幅への成長、一連のマイナーディスラプション、そしてメジャーディスラプションといった、実験的に観測される現象を再現する。メジャーディスラプションに関する新しい理論モデルが提示される。これは二つの段階で進行する:(1)内部緩和が放電の中心部における温度を平坦化し、(2)電流プロファイルが広がる。第一段階の内部不安定性は主にm = 1/n = 1の対流パターンを有するが、大きなm = 2/n = 1モードへの非線形結合のため、磁気摂動は強いm = 3/n = 2成分を持つ。内部緩和の間、大振幅の2/1、1/1、3/2摂動が、q ≈ 1領域をq = 2周辺のストカスティック領域から隔離していた磁気面を破壊し、磁場はq ≤ 2の全領域でストカスティックになる。メジャーディスラプションの第二段階では、まずストカスティック化された磁場上でMHD乱流が発達し、その結果、当初はq ≤ 2の中心領域において電流フィラメンテーションが生じる。これにより中心電流プロファイルの広がりと2/1モードの強い不安定性が引き起こされる。ディスラプションは、m > 2/n = 1モードの急速な成長によって終結する。その結果、プラズマ全体にわたるストカスティック磁場と、電流プロファイルの大規模な広がりが生じる。

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MagnetohydrodynamicsPlasma disruptionDensity limit
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