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Assessment of occupational radiation exposure for two fusion power plant designs

A Natalizio, L Di Pace, T Pinna2001年Fusion Engineering and DesignIF 1.7出版社

AbstractAn assessment of the occupational radiation exposure issues of the fusion power stations has been performed focusing on the primary heat transport system (PHTS) of safety and environmental assessment of fusion power (SEAFP) reactor models. Fuel cycle systems have been considered for completeness, but not assessed. Fission reactor experience and fusion power reactor studies formed the basis of this assessment. Four assessments were performed. Two were based on SEAFP models 1 and 2, and the other two were based on improvements of these models suggested by an as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) review. The following main conclusions are drawn from the assessments. The PHTS dose estimated for SEAFP model 1 (about 300 p-mSv/a) is below the current fission industry norm (about 500 p-mSv/a), but it is not ALARA. An ALARA value of 130 p-mSv/a is achievable and would be a reasonable target for the PHTS. The PHTS dose estimated for SEAFP model 2 (about 3000 p-mSv/a) is well above the current fission industry norm. Some design measures have been identified, that can reduce this dose to about 1200 p-mSv/a. While this is a substantial reduction, it is still well above the fission industry norm, therefore, additional effort is needed to obtain further reductions. The large difference in heat transport system doses between model 1 and model 2 is due to two main factors, the coolant and the coolant tubing material. The helium coolant eliminates the presence of corrosion products, and the vanadium alloy reduces the sputtering rate.

日本語訳

核融合発電所の職業被ばく問題に関する評価を、安全・環境評価核融合動力(SEAFP)炉モデルの一次熱輸送系(PHTS)に焦点を当てて実施した。燃料サイクル系は完全性のため考慮したが、評価の対象とはしなかった。この評価の基礎として、核分裂炉の経験と核融合動力炉の研究を用いた。4つの評価を実施した。2つはSEAFPモデル1および2に基づき、残りの2つは、合理的に達成可能な限り低く(ALARA)のレビューによって提案されたこれらのモデルの改良に基づいた。評価から以下の主要な結論が導かれる。SEAFPモデル1について推定されたPHTS線量(約300 p-mSv/a)は、現在の核分裂産業の基準値(約500 p-mSv/a)を下回るが、ALARAではない。ALARA値130 p-mSv/aは達成可能であり、PHTSの合理的な目標となる。SEAFPモデル2について推定されたPHTS線量(約3000 p-mSv/a)は、現在の核分裂産業の基準値をはるかに上回る。いくつかの設計対策が特定されており、これにより線量を約1200 p-mSv/aに低減できる。これは大幅な低減であるが、依然として核分裂産業の基準値をはるかに上回るため、さらなる低減には追加の努力が必要である。モデル1とモデル2の間の熱輸送系線量の大きな差は、2つの主な要因、すなわち冷却材と冷却材配管材料によるものである。ヘリウム冷却材は腐食生成物の存在を排除し、バナジウム合金はスパッタリング率を低減する。

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