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Magnetohydrodynamic behaviour during core transport barrier experiments with ion Bernstein wave heating in PBX-M: I ELMs, fluctuations and crash events

S. Sesnic, R. Kaita, S.H. Batha, R.E. Bell, S. Bernabei, M.S. Chance, E. De La Luna, J.L. Dunlap, A.C. England, R.C. Isler1998年被引用 4Nuclear FusionIF 3出版社

If the ion Bernstein wave (IBW) heating power in an H mode discharge of the PBX-M experiment exceeds a threshold power of about 200 kW, a core transport barrier is created in the central region of the plasma. At lower neutral beam injection (NBI) powers, the core barrier is accompanied by an edge L mode. The high edge localized mode (ELM) repetition frequency (1 kHz) prevents the creation of a strong barrier, so the edge first has to make an H-to-L transition before a strong core transport barrier can be created. At higher NBI powers, the ELM repetition frequency is lowered to less than 200 Hz, which allows the immediate creation of a strong core barrier. Edge localized mode loss, which propagates radially first on a fast (non-diffusive) and then on a slow (diffusive) time-scale all the way to the plasma core, is strongly reduced in the core barrier region. Correlated with the reduced ELM loss, the fluctuations in the core barrier region are also strongly reduced, both during the ELM and during the quiet periods between the ELMs. There is strong evidence that the IBW induced poloidal flow shear is responsible for the stabilization of core turbulence and the creation of the core transport barrier. The large perpendicular E × B flow shear component of the measured toroidal velocity in co-injection neutral beam heated discharges seems to be largely cancelled by the ion diamagnetic drift shear produced by large ion pressure gradients in the core barrier region. The value of IBW induced poloidal flow has not been experimentally determined, but its numerical value is found to be a factor of 4 larger than either the toroidal velocity or the ion diamagnetic drift shear components, leaving only IBW induced flow shear as the most probable cause for the turbulence stabilization. The core turbulence suppression and the creation of the core transport barrier is also consistent with expectations from a comparison between the E × B flow shear rate and a rough estimate of the linear ion temperature gradient (ITG) growth rate. The presence of the core barrier region also strongly modifies the other MHD events: crashes on the q = 1.5, 2 surfaces and the disruption.

日本語訳

もしPBX-M実験のHモード放電におけるイオン・バーンシュタイン波(IBW)加熱パワーが約200kWの閾値パワーを超えると、プラズマ中心領域にコア輸送障壁が生成される。より低い中性粒子ビーム入射(NBI)パワーでは、コア障壁はエッジLモードを伴う。高いエッジ局在モード(ELM)繰り返し周波数(1kHz)は、強い障壁の生成を妨げるため、強いコア輸送障壁が生成される前に、まずエッジがHモードからLモードへ遷移する必要がある。より高いNBIパワーでは、ELM繰り返し周波数は200Hz未満に低下し、強いコア障壁の即時生成が可能となる。エッジ局在モード損失は、まず高速(非拡散的)時間スケールで、その後低速(拡散的)時間スケールでプラズマ中心部まで伝播するが、コア障壁領域では強く低減される。ELM損失の低減と相関して、コア障壁領域における変動は、ELM中およびELM間の静穏期の両方において強く低減される。IBWによって誘起されたポロイダル流のシアが、コア乱流の安定化とコア輸送障壁の生成の原因であるという強力な証拠がある。同方向NBI加熱放電におけるトロイダル速度の測定値から得られる大きなE×B流シアは、コア障壁領域における大きなイオン圧力勾配によって生成されるイオン反磁性ドリフトシアによって大部分が打ち消されるようである。IBWによって誘起されるポロイダル流の値は実験的には決定されていないが、その数値はトロイダル速度またはイオン反磁性ドリフトシア成分のいずれよりも4倍大きいことが見出されており、IBW誘起流シアが乱流安定化の最も有力な原因として残されている。コア乱流の抑制とコア輸送障壁の生成は、E×B流シア率と線形イオン温度勾配(ITG)成長率の大まかな推定値との比較から予想される結果とも一致する。コア障壁領域の存在は、q=1.5およびq=2有理面上のクラッシュやディスラプションといった他のMHD事象も強く修飾する。

wiki

MagnetohydrodynamicsEdge localized modeTransport barrierBernstein waveWave heatingIon Bernstein wavePBX-M
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